HELLO guys!! Here's my overview of what is ENDOCRINOLOGY and the other terms related to it. I will show you first an analogy/illustration of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM.. .
According to the book that I've read, ENDOCRINOLOGY, comes from the two Greek words "endo" which means within and "krino" which means to apart or separate. It indicates that intracellular chemical signals are yield within and secreted from endocrine glands. It contributes several examples of the differences and variations that occur in chemical chemistry between adults and children...
Endocrinology also study about hormones. What are HORMONES???
Hormones are released in the body and other parts of the body.The effect of this hormones is to communicate with the other close distant parts of the body. One good example is the adrenal glands that secretes adrenalin which has an effect on several different organs of the body. It is also the branch of biology dealing with the endocrine glands and their secretions, especially in relation and their processes or functions...
Let us know more about the different glands and the hormones that of each glands it releases to the body. But before that guys, let us define first Endocrine System...
The endocrine system consists of ductless glands that produce and secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid. Hormones regulates in the body's function, growth, sexual development and metabolism. It turnouts in the bloodstream and it will affect several organs all through the body. This is conducted by reaction mechanism that a thermostat regulates the temperature in a room. The stimulating hormone then signals the target gland to secrete its hormone. When the level of that hormone increases in the circulation, hypothalamus and pituitary gland shut down into the secretion of the releasing hormone and the stimulating hormone, which it makes to slow the secretion by the target gland.
And now, I'll discussed about the different glands of the Endocrine System and their functions.Hope this would help you to get more information about the different glands of the Endocrine System.
First is the Adrenal Gland, it is a pair of glands that secrete or cover up hormones into the bloodstream. Each gland is divided into two distinct organs. The inner part is the adrenal medulla which increases cardiac output and it increases the blood flow to the skeletal muscles and heart. It increases the release of glucose and fatty acids into blood. And the outer par is the adrenal cortex that increase the rate of potassium excretion.
Ovaries, a pair of almond-shaped glands which is located on either side of the uterus or it is below the opening to the fallopian tubes. It produces female sex hormones called estrogen and progesterone. Ovaries aids in uterine and mammary gland function and development, menstrual cycle,and sexual behavior.
The pancreas secretes two hormones: the insulin and glucagon. Their target tissues are located in the liver, skeletal muscles and adipose tissue. Insulin increases the uptake and the use of glucose and amino acids. While glucagon increases the breakdown of glycogen and it releases glucose into the circulatory system.
Next is the pituitary gland, it is about the size of a pea. Pituitary gland is an important between the link of the nervous system and the endocrine system. It releases many hormones which affects the sexual development, metabolism, growth and the reproduction. The hypothalamus is just above the pituitary gland that transmits messages into the brain from the body. The pituitary gland interior secretes growth hormones, melanoma-stimulating hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormones, prolactin, luteinizing hormones, adrenocorticotropic hormones, and follicle-stimulating hormones.While the posterior pituitary gland secretes antidiuretic hormones and oxytocin.
Second to the last guys, I'll discussed about the thymus gland, a gland that builds part of the immune system.It releases the hormone called thymosin, the target cells of this hormones are the immune tissues. Thymus gland promotes immnune function and development.
Are you bored guys? Don't worry this would be the last. And it's fun to learn new things like this. Just relax and enjoy. :)
Here it is. Lastly, the thyroid gland. It is composed or made up of two lobes connected by a narrow band called isthmus. The hormones that it releases are thyroxin and triiodothyronine and calcitonin. Thyroxin and triiodothyronine increases the maturation, metabolic rates and the normal process of growth. While calcitonin decreases rate of bone breakdown and it prevents large increase in blood calcium levels.
THAT'S ALL GUYS, THANK YOU! God Bless. :)
Reference:
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, Sixth Edition by Seeley Stephens Tate
Clinical Chemistry (Techniques, Principles, Correlations), Sixth Edition by Michael L. Bishop, et al.
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, Sixth Edition by Seeley Stephens Tate
Clinical Chemistry (Techniques, Principles, Correlations), Sixth Edition by Michael L. Bishop, et al.
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